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Tag Archives: analyst

An Evening with a Portfolio Manager (Thirty Years Ago)

18th February, 2015 · Tom Brakke, CFA · Leave a comment
Tom Brakke, CFA

Those of us who are packrats (it’s harder to identify one these days, when PDFs pile up on the computer rather research reports being stacked on desks in plain sight) sometimes actually go back and look at some of what we have saved – just as we imagined that we would.

If you are of a certain age, the cache of documents might provide a certain nostalgia, some historical perspective, and quite a bit of “shoulda, woulda, coulda.” Just today, I found an interesting article on Michael Milken from a 1986 issue of Institutional Investor, a 1977 Morgan Stanley piece by Barton Biggs on the craft of asset management, a “conversation with Richard Feynman” on a range of interesting topics, and articles that had been copied on a “Xerox machine” which argued back and forth about whether active managers could beat the market (some things never change).

I also discovered a page of notes written in my own hand, from thirty years ago, with the title, “An Evening with __________.” I was pretty new to the business at that point; the small cap growth portfolio manager whose name was in the blank was on a rocket ship of performance and business success.

The night had started out in a dismal fashion. We were to be hosted by a broker at Il Mulino in New York City, one of the hottest places in town, but when we got there we found that a pipe had burst and that we would be dining elsewhere. (As we left the restaurant, we informed a man getting out of a taxi that he was out of luck. He waved us off and said, with an air about him, “I’ve got a reservation.”)

We walked down the street, found another place to eat, and had a great conversation. With a few explanations and clarifications [which are added in brackets], these are the notes I wrote down shortly thereafter about the advice that I had received:

“Work for one of the 10-15 great managers for free for 5 years.”

“Learn all you can, find yourself, fit your style to yourself.”

“Don’t let it get to your head if you do well.”

“Play the game and have fun – you gotta like it.”

“Use everyone, even contrary indicators.”

“Know human nature – not business – read Panic on Wall Street.”

“Sell when there’s a slip [by a company].”

“[Ask yourself], which small companies will get to $1 billion?”

[At this point, there were a few disparaging comments about the investment abilities of some of my co-workers, including one he called “a stopped clock”.]

“If you knew that a stock was going to go from $30 to $15, but that it was guaranteed to go to $300, you should be willing to buy it right away (and institutions won’t do so).”

“Ask questions; don’t worry [about how you’re being viewed]; one in ten will catch a management off guard.”

[Then, in my notes, there was just the name of a person; I’d love to remember what was said about him.]

“Make mistakes; see stocks go from 35 to 1.”

“Don’t kill the messenger.”

“Don’t think conventionally.”

“Buy people.”

“You need some clean-up hitters [big winners].”

“Learn the basics; adapt your style; be unique.”

All these years later, it is interesting to read the portfolio manager’s comments – and to think about them in light of the events of his career as it unfolded, and of my own.

When I encourage young analysts to study other investors and learn from them (even over dinner), I sometimes forget to tell them how personal the advice they receive will be. The notes I found matched the man I watched in subsequent years – focused on high-risk, high-return companies, entrepreneurial, outspoken by instinct, and, it should be said, lucky in a number of respects (although he took advantage of that luck when it presented itself).

His advice would be ill-fitting for so many (after all, you should “fit your style to yourself”), and parts of it match the world of 1985 better than that of 2015. But it stands up pretty well overall.

I knew I saved that sheet of paper for some reason.

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Posted in Hot Topic Commentary, Local Charterholders | Tags: advice, analyst, Letters to a Young Analyst, portfolio manager, young analyst |

One of These Things Is a Lot Like the Others

3rd November, 2014 · John Boylan, CFA · Leave a comment
John Boylan, CFA

Oddly enough, I remember the first ever Sesame Street way back in 1969. My kindergarten teacher sent a note with us home telling us about a wonderful new PBS educational TV show specifically for us rug rats. Back in those days Oscar the Grouch was orange and they used to play a game on that show called “One of These Things Is Not Like the Others.”

This taught me a lot about relationships. Some things are indeed like the others, while others are not. Frequently us on Wall Street forget that and classify things where things are surely not where they should be.

One thing that drives me nuts about this industry is the monolithic thinking it often gets itself into. Staples analyst are staples analysts. Health Care analysts would never understand tech and so on. In reality sector boundaries are completely artificial and ignore business realities on how managers run their organizations.

In my opinion analysts don’t follow companies, or even sectors. What we really strive to do as analysts is discern superior business models and business structures (i.e. how are they set up financially to support the business model) and invest in those that offer intrinsic value compared to their current stock price. Sector membership in reality is immaterial to how investors should view a company.

Therefore I find more investment cycle commonality among companies with similar business models than ones that are reside in similar business sectors—much like managers view their own businesses. Certain models are influenced more by consumer sentiment ebbs and flows, others by recurring revenues, and still others by fluctuations in the business investment cycle—things that transcend belonging in a particular sector. Investors can take advantage of those commonalities as each business model has similar investment cycles. There are many more types of models but many companies fall in to one of those three buckets—let’s use the Information Technology sector as one such example.

For instance most semiconductor companies have heavy cyclical components based on a predictable business investment cycle, not unlike most late-stage industrials—the semi cycle is just faster and tougher to time. You usually want to purchase those companies the same way you would with a stock like CAT; when absolutely no one believes anyone will ever buy one of their products for a long time. Software companies are essentially recurring revenue companies and can often be valued on those razor-razor blade revenue streams, e.g. not unlike some medical product companies. However, with the advent of cloud delivery of software, we can see a day when software companies become more cyclically driven like their semi brethren. Finally, some tech companies are primarily driven by consumer sentiment, usually driven by a product introduction cycle, as they are essentially consumer discretionary items—media content delivery and consumption devices. Herein lies Apple.

For example, I sometimes think one of Apple’s best comp companies in terms of the way it is structured, and the mind-set of the company as a whole is Nike. Both are highly innovative companies that have rabid followings in an oligopoly market structure. Distribution channels are crucial for both companies and their products are vitally important for their retailers to carry, but both Nike and Apple also utilize their own storefronts to satisfy the information needs of their “power users” and for promotional purposes. Both offer products that are performance driven, yet can be used as fashion accessories. Both companies have significant opportunities in emerging markets as newly formed middle classes strive for high quality western goods and brands. Finally, this is why new product releases are so crucial to both Nike and Apple—both companies need product refreshes or new product categories to satisfy changing trends with consumers and counter other product releases from competitors.

Would it not make more sense to organize a research division based upon business models? To an outside entrepreneur, I think it would. It certainly would force us to focus on those items that truly drive the business as opposed to simply the S&P sector it resides.

So perhaps one of these things is not like the others, at least the way Wall Street defines it.

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Posted in Freezing Assets Shout Out, Hot Topic Commentary, Local Charterholders | Tags: analyst, analytics, freezing assets shout out, investment cycle, monolithic thinking |

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